3D Structure from 2D Dimensional Images Using Structure from Motion Algorithms

Natural disasters and human interference have endangered heritage structures around the world. Therefore, 3D modeling of buildings is important for historical preservation, particularly in low-income war-affected countries. The majority structure surveying acquisition approaches, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), total station measurements, or traditional photogrammetry require either high-cost technologies professional user supervision. Structure from motion (SfM) approaches address both these issues by allowing a non-expert to produce dense point cloud real taking few 2D photographs with digital camera processing them highly automated freely available data tools. state art SfM technique presented this paper. Agisoft Metashape, VisualSFM, Regard3D, three well-known types software, were examined compared. was scaled transformed into local coordinates system using instruments that used obtain some ground control points (GCPs). Ninety-six Emara Palace Najran, Saudi Arabia, obtained as input, image matching, bundle adjustment (BA), completeness, accuracy packages calculated